Spatially nonreciprocal Bragg gratings based on surface plasmons
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using the concept of parity-time symmetry in optics, we propose a spatially non-reciprocal Bragg grating at near infrared wavelengths, operating with long-range surface plasmon polaritons, by employing balanced modulation of index and gain/loss in a step-in-width configuration. The index perturbation is created by stepping the width of an Ag stripe supporting long-range plasmons. Gain/loss modulation is generated by periodically doping the top polymer cladding of the structure with IR-140 dye molecules and pumping the grating optically from top. Loss exists inherently in the undoped regions due to plasmonic propagation loss. The transmission matrix method was employed as an accurate modeling technique to compute the reflectance and transmittance spectra of the proposed structures. Simulation results exhibit a strong reflectance from one end of the grating at about 880 nm as opposed to nearly no reflectance from the other end at the same wavelength.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".