Ion-beam irradiation of Co/Cu nanostructures: Effects on giant magnetoresistance and magnetic properties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have studied the effects of ion irradiation at low doses (<5×1014 ions/cm2) on the structural properties, giant magnetoresistance (GMR), and interlayer magnetic coupling in Co/Cu multilayers. X-ray analysis combined with magnetic and resistivity measurements reveal that intermixing is promoted by ion irradiation while the periodic structure and crystallographic properties of the multilayers are not significantly altered. The GMR ratio of a multilayer decreases monotonically with ion dose. However, thermal annealing on an irradiated multilayer results in sharp recovery of the reduced GMR, and can be associated with a backdiffusion process in metastably intermixed regions. Hence, using ion irradiation and subsequent annealing, the GMR of a single multilayer can be altered reversibly over a wide range. The variation of GMR upon irradiation (or annealing) is accompanied by significant suppression (or improvement) of the antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling. The correlation between GMR and AF coupling, as well as the role of enhanced electron scattering at interfaces during these processes are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".