Particle focusing in a microfluidic channel with acoustic metamaterial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Particle focusing has been numerically studied in a microchannel filled by an acoustic metamaterial fluid that possesses negative density, and under a pair of ultrasound incidences from the lateral boundaries. Acoustic metamaterial with negative density exponentially damps the ultrasound field along its propagation direction that forms a very low field at the center of the microchannel. Driven by the acoustic radiation force and dissipated by the fluid, the particles laterally vibrate in the microchannel and gradually aggregated in the vicinity of the channel center. A structural microchannel with acoustic resonant elements that generates equivalent negative density property for the fluid in the microchannel has been designed, which decays the ultrasound field in a similar way. Particle movement in the structural microchannel has also been investigated and particle focusing is also achieved. The merit of the proposed particle focusing method by metamaterial concept lies in its independence on the type of the incident wave and width or size of the microchannel.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".