The Spectrem airborne electromagnetic system—Further developments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Spectrem airborne electromagnetic (AEM) system has been in full production in Canada and Africa since 1989. The prototype, built by A-cubed of Mississauga, Canada, was subject to two major upgrades by Anglo American Corp. staff to produce the Spectrem II instrument that located the Photo Lake and Konuto Lake orebodies in Manitoba, Canada. Subsequent work in tropical Africa has made it desirable to further increase the transmitter power and use greater available computer power in the aircraft to substantially improve the ability of the system to reject sferic noise, although there appears to be a limiting sferic level above which current filtering methods are ineffective. Although designed to detect massive sulfide bodies deep below conductive overburden, techniques have been developed to map the regolith—in particular, to compute resistivity–depth sections using an approximate but fast method. A comparison is presented of such a section with the same section flown and processed using a frequency-domain helicopter AEM system. The latest upgrade of the system, Spectrem 2000, with a 50% increase in transmitter power, was completed in October 1999 and is currently at work in northern Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".