New broadband dual‐printed inverted L‐shaped monopole antenna for tri‐band wireless applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A broadband printed monopole antenna is proposed for digital communication systems (DCS‐1800), personal communication services (PCS1900), and international mobile telecommunication (IMT‐2000) tri‐band mobile devices. The proposed antenna is composed of two inverted L‐shaped monopoles, and they are back‐to‐back shorted by the center strip of a coplanar waveguide feed. To improve bandwidth and impedance matching, a small gap is introduced in one of the L‐shaped monopoles. As a result, the dual‐monopoles with almost the same size can resonate at two different frequencies with the improved bandwidth and impedance matching. Once two frequencies are close to each other by adjusting the position of the gap, a broadband operation can be achieved to cover DCS, PCS, and IMT tri‐bands. To demonstrate the proposed design, simulated and measured results are presented and discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 278–280, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22107
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".