Preparation and application of polystyrene‐grafted ZnO nanoparticles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The precursor of ZnO was prepared by precipitation and ZnO nanoparticles were obtained by calcination afterwards. Poly(styrene) (PSt) was grafted onto the ZnO nanoparticles in a non‐aqueous suspension to reduce the aggregation among nanoparticles and to improve the compatibility between nanoparticles and the organic matter. The obtained samples were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), zeta potential measurement, lipophilic degree (LD) test, photocatalytic experiments, sedimentation test, and contact angle measurement. The LD of composite particles after a high‐temperature treatment was stable. The photoluminescence of PSt‐grafted ZnO nanoparticles was observed by naked eyes and was recorded using a digital camera. The ZnO nanoparticles were used to reinforce poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films and the mechanical and electric properties of the films were also measured. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".