Imbalance of fatty acids in the base of the Baltic Sea food web a mesocosm study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A reproductive disturbance in Baltic Sea Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), the M74 syndrome, has been reported since early 1970s and has occasionally caused up to 90% mortality for newborn fry. Previous research has revealed that the M74 syndrome may be due to reduced levels of the vitamin thiamin, the carotenoid astaxanthin, and elevated ratios of ω3/ω6 fatty acids in salmon eggs. Using mesocosm experiments, we compared the quantity (µg·L1) and quality (mg·g1 C) of fatty acids in microalgae and copepods in the southern Baltic Sea where the M74 syndrome is common with those in a habitat in the Norwegian Sea where the syndrome has not been observed. Daily additions were made of the nutrients N and P or N, P, and Si, copepods were added after 67 days, and nutrient additions were stopped after 910 days. Flagellates dominated completely in the Baltic Sea, whereas higher phytoplankton diversity was found in the Norwegian Sea. We found elevated ω3/ω6 ratios in phytoplankton and abnormally high docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratios (22:6ω3/20:4ω6) in copepods in the Baltic Sea mesocosms compared with those in the Norwegian Sea. Our results suggest that imbalance in fatty acid composition may prevail in the basic food web of the Baltic Sea.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".