Change in stable nitrogen isotope ratio in the muscle tissue of a migratory goby, <i>Rhinogobius</i> sp., in a natural setting
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Time lags associated with changes in stable isotope ratios are essential information for quantitatively analyzing shifts of food habits and habitats. To investigate time lags associated with fish growth in a natural setting, we monitored the change in δ15N in the muscle tissue of a fluviallacustrine amphidromous goby, Rhinogobius sp. (the orange form), in the Lake Biwa water system. Because δ15N is distinct between lacustrine and fluvial ecosystems, the δ15N of age-0+ fish drastically decreased after their upstream migration from the lake. About 80% of the change in δ15N was attributed to growth. Nitrogen was replaced at the rate of 520%·month1 by metabolic turnover. The half-change period for δ15N was estimated as being longer than 1 month with the contribution of growth and metabolic turnover in the field. These results from the field show that growth is primarily responsible for isotopic changes in fish muscle and highlight the need to examine the role of metabolic turnover using slow-growing fish.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".