A Four-Stokes-Parameter Spectral Line Polarimeter at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We designed and built a new Four-Stokes-Parameter spectral line Polarimeter (FSPPol) for the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO). The simple design of FSPPol does not include any mirrors or optical components to redirect or reimage the radiation beam and simply transmits the beam to the receiver through its retarder plates. FSPPol is currently optimized for observation in the 200–260 GHz range and measures all four Stokes parameters, I , Q , U , and V . The very low level of instrument polarization makes it possible to obtain reliable measurements of the Goldreich-Kylafis effect in molecular spectral lines. Accordingly, we measured a polarization fraction of a few percent in the spectral line wings of 12 CO ( J = 2 → 1) in Orion KL/IRc2, which is consistent with previous observations. We also used FSPPol to study the Zeeman effect in the N = 2 → 1 transition of CN in DR21(OH) for the first time. At this point we cannot report a Zeeman detection, but more observations are ongoing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".