Single-Phase and Two-Phase Base-Catalyzed Transesterification of Canola Oil to Fatty Acid Methyl Esters at Ambient Conditions
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experiments were performed at ambient temperature to investigate mass transfer during the transesterification reaction of canola oil with methanol (MeOH) to form fatty acid methyl esters by use of a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) base catalyst. Reactions were conducted at two NaOH catalyst concentrations under quiescent conditions, agitated two-phase conditions, and agitated single-phase conditions that were achieved by the addition of a solvent, tetrahydrofuran. A MeOH to oil molar ratio of 6:1 was employed. Small conversions, at ambient conditions, accentuated the effects of mass transfer on the transesterification reaction. For two-phase reactions, it was postulated that the reaction occurred at the interface between the two phases. The influence of mass transfer was indicated by the increased reaction rate resulting from (a) stirring a two-phase reaction mixture and (b) changing a two-phase reaction to a single-phase reaction through the addition of a solvent. In some experiments an induction period was observed. Factors influencing the induction period were identified.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it