A pregnancy following PGD for X-linked autosomal dominant Incontinentia Pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome): Case Report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Incontinentia Pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome) is a rare multisystem, ectodermal disorder associated with dermatological, dental and ocular features, and in <10% of cases, severe neurological deficit. Pedigree review suggests X-linked dominance with lethality in affected males. Presentation in female carriers is variable. Following genetic counselling, a mildly affected female carrier diagnosed in infancy with a de novo mutation was referred for preimplantation sexing, unusually selecting for male gender, with an acceptance of either normality or early miscarriage in an affected male. Following standard in-vitro fertilization and embryo biopsy, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) unambiguously identified two male and two female embryos. A single 8-cell, grade 4 male embryo was replaced. A positive pregnancy test was reported 2 weeks after embryo transfer, although ultrasonography failed to demonstrate a viable pregnancy. Post abortive fetal tissue karyotyping diagnosed a male fetus with trisomy 16. This is an unusual report of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) being used for selection of males in an X-linked autosomal dominant disorder and demonstrates the value of PGD where amniocentesis or chorion villus sampling followed by abortion is not acceptable to the patient. This case also demonstrates the importance of follow-up prenatal diagnosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".