Dominance among female white-faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus): hierarchical linearity, nepotism, strength and stability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research on Old World primates provided the foundation for understanding competitive strategies resulting from social and ecological pressures. The neotropical primate, Cebus capucinus shares many social patterns with Old World cercopithecines (e.g., female philopatry, male dispersal), which may contribute to similar expression of competitive strategies. To clarify the nature of dominance patterns among female white-faced capuchins we examined hierarchical linearity, rank acquisition, matrilineal rank inheritance, hierarchical strength and stability. We collected focal data on 22 adult females (2008) and long-term dominance data (1986–2008) on 33 adult females in Sector Santa Rosa, Costa Rica. Females displayed linear hierarchies based on the direction of dyadic submission. At sexual maturity females quickly acquired rank positions beneath their mother and older sisters. Hierarchies were considered strong based on high proportions of food-related agonism, short latency to detection of hierarchies (21 h/female) and low directional inconsistency scores (<5%). Hierarchies were considered stable based on lack of tied submissive interactions (indicative of uncontested rank positions), low rates of rank change (0.510 changes/year), and long-term stability in matrilineal rank order. These findings enhance our understanding of capuchin social systems and how the competitive strategies of white-faced capuchins compare to those of Old World primates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".