Perceived crowding and encounter norms of KayaKers in Pacific rim national ParK reserve, canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article investigates crowding and encounter norms of 375 kayakers visiting the Broken group Islands in Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, Canada. To measure encounter norms, kayakers evaluated photographs showing increasing densities of (a) kayaks on the water, (b) motorboats on the water, and (c) tents at a campsite. Norm curve characteristics helped to define kayaker standards for quality marine tourism and recreation experiences, including minimum acceptable conditions at one time (4.8 kayaks, 2.2 motorboats, 4.7 tents). In addition, significant differences existed between marine (39% felt crowded while on the water) and terrestrial (80% felt crowded while at campsites) perceptions of crowding. Implications for park management include a need to assess the appropriateness of both terrestrial and marine conditions when managing for kayak activity. This may include a consideration of user quotas in marine and terrestrial settings, as well as expanding the number of available campsites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".