A Semi-Lagrangian Approach for Natural Gas Storage Valuation and Optimal Operation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The valuation of a gas storage facility is characterized as a stochastic control problem, resulting in a Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation. In this paper, we present a semi-Lagrangian method for solving the HJB equation for a typical gas storage valuation problem. The method is able to handle a wide class of spot price models that exhibit mean-reverting seasonality dynamics and price jumps. We develop fully implicit and Crank–Nicolson timestepping schemes based on a semi-Lagrangian approach and prove the convergence of fully implicit timestepping to the viscosity solution of a modified HJB equation posed on a bounded domain, provided that a strong comparison result holds. The semi-Lagrangian approach avoids Policy-type iterations required by an implicit finite difference method without requiring additional cost. Numerical experiments are presented for several variants of the basic scheme.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it