A paleoecological analysis of a southern permafrost peatland, Charlevoix, Quebec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The southernmost site where permafrost has been located in the QuebecLabrador peninsula is in a peatland on the subalpine summit of Lac des Cygnes Mountain (47°41'N, 70°36'W). Because of the thickness of its peat deposit, this site contains rich ecological information about the history of the peatland and its surrounding subalpine environment. We conducted a detailed macrofossil analysis to reconstruct the 6000-year history of the peatland. In general, the development of the Lac des Cygnes Mountain peatland has followed the classic succession of rich fen poor fen bog found in other peatlands in subarctic, boreal, and temperate environments. An abrupt decline in all tree macrofossils ca. 4000 BP suggests that a major deforestation event occurred on the summit of Lac des Cygnes Mountain. The exact cause of this deforestation event is unknown, but fire is a possible factor. The lack of absolute chronological resolution near the top of the macrofossil record precludes proper dating of permafrost inception, but the balance of evidence appears to indicate that the permafrost is modern.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".