Understanding Barotrauma in Fish Passing Hydro Structures: A Global Strategy for Sustainable Development of Water Resources
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Freshwater fishes are one of the most imperiled groups of vertebrates, and population declines are alarming in terms of biodiversity and to communities that rely on fisheries for their livelihood and nutrition. One activity associated with declines in freshwater fish populations is water resource development, including dams, weirs, and hydropower facilities. Fish passing through irrigation and hydro infrastructures during downstream migration experience a rapid decrease in pressure, which can lead to injuries (barotrauma) that contribute to mortality. There is renewed initiative to expand hydropower and irrigation infrastructure to improve water security and increase low-carbon energy generation. The impact of barotrauma on fish must be understood and mitigated to ensure that development is sustainable for fisheries. This will involve taking steps to expand the knowledge of barotrauma-related injury from its current focus, mainly on seaward-migrating juvenile salmonids of the Pacific Northwest, to incorporate a greater diversity of fish species and life stages from many parts of the world. This article summarizes research that has examined barotrauma during fish passage and articulates a research framework to promote a standardized, global approach. The suggested approach provides clearly defined links to adaptive development of fish friendly technologies, aimed at mitigating the threats faced by global freshwater fisheries from the rapid expansion of water infrastructure. RESUMEN los peces de agua dulce constituyen uno de los grupos más amenazados entre los vertebrados y las disminuciones poblacionales se consideran como alarmantes en términos de biodiversidad y suceden en perjuicio de las comunidades humanas cuyo bienestar y nutrición dependen de las pesquerías basadas en estos recursos. Una actividad que se asocia a la declinación de las poblaciones de peces de agua dulce es la construcción de infraestructura para el desarrollo de recursos hídricos, como presas, weirs e instalaciones hidroenergéticas. Los peces que transitan a través de la infraestructura hídráulica y de irrigación durante su migración hacia el mar, experimentan disminuciones de presión que producen lesiones (barotrauma), las cuales pueden contribuir a la mortalidad. Existe una nueva iniciativa para expandir la infraestructura para la hidroenergía e irrigación y aumentar así la seguridad de agua y la generación de energía de bajo costo en términos de producción de carbono. El efecto del barotrauma en los peces debe ser estudiado y mitigado para asegurar que el progreso sea sustentable para las pesquerías. Esto implicará expandir el conocimiento acerca de las lesiones relacionadas al barotrauma con respecto a como se encuentra ahora; sobre todo el conocimiento de la migración hacia el mar que realizan los juveniles de especies de salmón en el Pacífico noroeste, con el fin de incorporar una mayor diversidad de estadios de vida y especies de diferentes partes del mundo. En este artículo se resume la investigación concerniente al barotrauma en los peces durante su tránsito por hidro-estructuras y se plantea un marco investigativo para promover un enfoque estándarizado y global. El enfoque que se ofrece provee relaciones precisas para el desarrollo adaptativo de tecnologías amigables para los peces, diseñadas con la finalidad de mitigar las amenazas que enfrentan las pesquerías de agua dulce ante la rápida expansión de la infraestructura hídrica.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".