Deformation and evolution of solar wind discontinuities through their interactions with the Earth's bow shock
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study examines the interaction of solar wind discontinuities with the Earth's bow shock, using multipoint observations in the magnetosheath by Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions During Substorms (THEMIS), Cluster, and Double Star TC1. We focus on the deformation and evolution of two discontinuities observed on 21 June 2007, one of which involves a density increase and a magnetic field decrease, while the other is accompanied by a density decrease and a magnetic field increase. In the magnetosheath, the discontinuities are deformed into a concave shape; that is, the normal is inclined toward dusk (dawn) on the dawnside (duskside). The density‐increase (‐decrease) discontinuity is being compressed (expanded) as it propagates in the magnetosheath. We conclude that the compression (expansion) is due to antisunward (sunward) motion of the bow shock which is initiated or enhanced by the impact of the discontinuity on the bow shock. The steepening of B z reversal followed by an overshoot of the total magnetic field, which appears at the trailing edge of the density‐decrease discontinuity, is also discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".