Shape Memory Alloy Artificial Muscles for Treatments of Fecal Incontinence
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have the features of large force-to-weight ratio and large deformation, are considered suitable for actuator uses. This paper describes the applications of an SMA material with two-way shape memory as artificial muscles for the treatment of fecal incontinences. Two designs of the proposed artificial sphincters are presented; one for a complete replacement of the anal sphincter and the other as an auxiliary sphincter to assist the puborectal muscles for maintaining fecal continence. Their functional evaluations have been conducted through fundamental experiments on the thermal responses and the mechanical deformation. The functionality of both was confirmed by in vitro experiments. The first design, the artificial anal sphincter was subjected to animal experiments for up to 4 weeks. Satisfactory results in respects of the biofunctionality of the SMA artificial sphincter imply its potential for practical uses.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it