Isozyme variation and the conservation genetics of Garry oak
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Garry oak ( Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook) has a long north–south distribution along the inland Pacific coast. In British Columbia, it is a keystone species in a unique and endangered “Garry oak meadow” ecosystem. Here, we apply isozyme markers to address issues in the conservation and phylogeography of Garry oak. Among 42 populations and 23 gene loci, gene diversity (expected heterozygosity) averaged 0.17, and number of alleles per locus averaged 1.84. These values are about one-half of those found in other white oak species. Using progeny arrays, we found outcrossing rates in two Vancouver Island populations to average 0.96, with no detectable biparental inbreeding; also inbreeding coefficients of the 42 populations averaged near zero (0.025); thus inbreeding is not a significant concern. Cluster analysis of genetic distances identified two major groups of populations: southern Washington – Oregon and Vancouver Island – Gulf Islands; populations within the island region were particularly homogenous. An isolated mainland British Columbia population near Sumas, British Columbia, perhaps of anthropogenic origin, showed the least genetic variability and greatest genetic distance. Generally, geographically isolated populations were more genetically depauperate, which may place handicaps on their survival, but also more genetically distinct, providing a greater evolutionary legacy to the species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".