Fundamental Periods of Vibration of Braced Steel Frames for Seismic Design
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
An analytical study is performed to propose a simple expression for the fundamental period of vibration of concentrically braced steel frames. This work was carried out in the context of the development of the 2005 National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) and is mainly applicable to structures located in moderate and low seismic regions. Available field and test measurements of building periods are compared to analytical predictions. An empirical period formula is developed based on a survey of analytically computed building periods published in the literature. The influence of the 2005 NBCC design provisions on braced steel‐frame periods is examined through a closed‐form period solution and an extensive parametric study. Building periods are found to vary significantly with seismic hazard levels and soil conditions. An expression is tentatively proposed that provides reasonable lower‐bound period estimates for most situations in Canada.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it