Plasma Actin-free Gc-globulin in Patients with Chronic or Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure Caused by Hepatitis B Virus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed that serum concentrations of actin-free Gc globulin (Af-Gc globulin) may provide prognostic information in patients withacute liver failure (ALF). However, until now the relation between plasma Af-Gc globulin levels and chronic or acute-on-chronic liver failure (CLF or ACLF) caused by HBV is unknown. METHODS: Plasma Af-Gc globulin in 56 patients with liver failure, in 23 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis (CR), and in 25 healthy controls were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), choline esterase (CHE), Albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBIL), palsma international normalized ratio of prothrombin time (INR), and platelet (PLT) were also detected. The Child-Pugh score was calculated for each patient on admission. RESULTS: Plasma Af-Gc globulin levels in CLF, ACLF and CR were significantly lower than that of healthy controls (P < 0.001, respectively). The median (range) Af-Gc globulin level at admission for the liver failure (CLF or ACLF) was significantly reduced compared with that of CR group (P ≤ 0.001); additionally, there was significant difference between CLF and ACLF patients (P < 0.001). In liver failure cohort, plasma Af-Gc globulin was significantly positive correlated with ALB, ALT, AST and CHE (P was 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, < 0.001, respectively). Meanwhile, there was significantly negative correlation between plasma Af-Gc globulin and Child-Pugh score (P = 0.02). The level of Af-Gc globulin in ascites or hydrothorax-infected liver failure patients were markedly lower than that of non-infected (P = 0.015), the levels of Af-Gc in encephalopathy presence were lower than in encephalopathy absence. No significant difference of Af-Gc was noted between non-survivors and survivors during the follow-up period in liver failure patients. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma Af-Gc globulin levels in liver failure patients are significantly reduced compared with compensated liver cirrhosis patients and healthy controls, however, it might not be used in the prognosis of liver failure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".