Electrical and optical properties of carbon-doped GaSb
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report low-temperature Hall-effect and photoluminescence measurements on samples of GaSb lightly doped with carbon in the range of ${10}^{16}--\mathrm{}5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{17}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}.$ Temperature, excitation intensity, and impurity concentration dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements were used to determine a shallow acceptor binding energy for carbon in GaSb of $12.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1\mathrm{meV}.$ The carbon acceptor PL transition was determined to be due to a combination of donor-acceptor pair and free-to-bound processes. Temperature-dependent Hall-effect analysis of hole concentration and mobility were performed on nominally undoped and lightly carbon-doped epilayers and on bulk undoped Czochralski-grown GaSb. Experimental hole concentrations of the carbon-doped epilayers were fitted to a two acceptor model that included the deep native acceptor and shallow carbon acceptor levels. Activation energies of 8--11 meV were determined for the lightest carbon-doped samples through least-squares fitting of the experimental hole concentration versus temperature. Carbon-doped epilayers showed significantly higher impurity band conduction at low temperatures than Czochralski-grown GaSb due to the shallower nature of the carbon acceptor levels. Hall mobility data confirmed the presence of impurity band conduction below 10 K, in addition to the usual scattering mechanisms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".