The Delayed Rectifier Channel Current I<sub>K</sub>Plays a Key Role in the Control of Programmed Cell Death by PACAP and Ethanol in Cerebellar Granule Neurons
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alcohol exposure during development causes severe brain malformations, and thus, identification of molecules that can counteract the neurotoxicity of ethanol deserves high priority. Since activation of potassium (K+) currents has been shown to play a critical role in the control of programmed cell death, we have investigated the effects of ethanol and PACAP on K+ currents in cultured cerebellar granule cells using the patch-clamp technique in the whole cell configuration. In the presence of the fast-inactivating IA current blocker 4-AP, a focal application of ethanol (200 mM) in the vicinity of granule cells provoked a robust hyperpolarization and a marked increase of the delayed rectifier IK current. Addition of PACAP (0.1 microM) in the bath solution prevented ethanol-induced membrane hyperpolarization and suppressed the stimulatory effect of ethanol on IK current. These data suggest that ethanol alters neuronal survival, at least in part, through activation of IK, and that PACAP abolishes ethanol-induced cerebellar granule cell death via inhibition of IK..
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".