Evidence of Cellular Immune Response to Outer Membrane Protein of<i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>in Patients with Enthesitis-related Arthritis Subtype of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: enthesitis-related arthritis subtype of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA-ERA) clinically resembles reactive arthritis (ReA). In patients with ReA the immune response is targeted at the outer membrane protein (OMP) of Salmonella typhimurium. We studied the immune response in JIA-ERA to S. typhimurium OMP. METHODS: synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from blood and SF of patients with JIA-ERA. Lymphocyte transformation test was done with S. typhimurium OMP and crude bacterial lysates of Yersinia enterocolitica, Shigella flexneri, and S. typhimurium. IgG and IgA ELISA were performed in serum and SF using S. typhimurium OMP as antigen and compared with sera from healthy controls. RESULTS: in PBMC samples (n = 25) an antigen-specific proliferative response was seen in 13 patients and a cross-reactive response in 6. Among these 19 patients, 12 showed response to OMP. In SFMC (n = 15) antigen-specific responses were seen in 3 patients and cross-reactive responses in 9. Among these 12 patients, 11 showed response to OMP. The IgG and IgA anti-OMP antibody concentrations in serum and SF were similar in patients and controls. CONCLUSION: in JIA-ERA, OMP is the major antigenic target recognized by both SFMC and PBMC. Response to OMP is independent of specific bacterial response, suggesting that OMP is the immunodominant antigen. In these patients, absence of significant humoral response suggests response to OMP is mainly T cell mediated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".