Calorimetric Measurement of Postexercise Net Heat Loss and Residual Body Heat Storage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Previous studies have shown a rapid reduction in postexercise local sweating and blood flow despite elevated core temperatures. However, local heat loss responses do not illustrate how much whole-body heat dissipation is reduced, and core temperature measurements do not accurately represent the magnitude of residual body heat storage. Whole-body evaporative (H(E)) and dry (H(D)) heat loss as well as changes in body heat content (DeltaH(b)) were measured using simultaneous direct whole-body and indirect calorimetry. METHODS: Eight participants cycled for 60 min at an external work rate of 70 W followed by 60 min of recovery in a calorimeter at 30 degrees C and 30% relative humidity. Core temperature was measured in the esophagus (T(es)), rectum (T(re)), and aural canal (T(au)). Regional muscle temperature was measured in the vastus lateralis (T(vl)), triceps brachii (T(tb)), and upper trapezius (T(ut)). RESULTS: After 60 min of exercise, average DeltaH(b) was +273 +/- 57 kJ, paralleled by increases in T(es), T(re), and T(au) of 0.84 +/- 0.49, 0.67 +/- 0.36, and 0.83 +/- 0.53 degrees C, respectively, and increases in T(vl), T(tb), and T(ut) of 2.43 +/- 0.60, 2.20 +/- 0.64, and 0.80 +/- 0.20 degrees C, respectively. After a 10-min recovery, metabolic heat production returned to pre-exercise levels, and H(E) was only 22.9 +/- 6.9% of the end-exercise value despite elevations in all core temperatures. After a 60-min recovery, DeltaH(b) was +129 +/- 58 kJ paralleled by elevations of T(es) = 0.19 +/- 0.13 degrees C, T(re) = 0.20 +/- 0.03 degrees C, T(au) = 0.18 +/- 0.04 degrees C, Tvl = 1.00 +/- 0.43 degrees C, T(tb) = 0.92 +/- 0.46 degrees C, and T(ut) = 0.31 +/- 0.27 degrees C. Despite this, H(E) returned to preexercise levels. Only minimal changes in H(D) occurred throughout. CONCLUSION: We confirm a rapid reduction in postexercise whole-body heat dissipation by evaporation despite elevated core temperatures. Consequently, only 53% of the heat stored during 60 min of exercise was dissipated after 60 min of recovery, with the majority of residual heat stored in muscle tissue.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".