Convective water transport within the human larynx during phonation.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Proper hydration is known to be important in human phonation. Vocal fold tissue includes a significant amount of water. Sustained inhalation of partly dry air may result in convective water mass transport ultimately contributing to changes in tissue mechanical behavior, voice fatigue, and possibly trauma. In this study, numerical models were used to estimate the net amount of water mass transported from the vocal folds during various types of phonation. The commercially available code FLUENT was used for the mass transport analysis. Experiments were performed in a simple water channel to validate the approach. The convective transport coefficient for one type of hydrogel material was measured and used to approximately characterize that of real tissue. Efforts were made to estimate mass transport from numerical analysis and a number of ad hoc assumptions relative to respiratory patterns and ambient air humidity. The possible consequences of convective dehydration for voice production will be discussed. [Work supported by NIH.]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".