A NUMERICAL STUDY OF NATURAL CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER FROM AN INCLINED ISOTHERMAL PLATE WITH A "SINUSOIDALLY WAVY" SURFACE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Natural convective heat transfer from a wide isothermal plate which has a "wavy" surface, i.e. a surface which periodically rises and falls, has been numerically studied. The surface waves run in the horizontal direction, i.e., are normal to the direction of flow over the surface. Attention has been restricted to the case where the waves have a sinusoidal cross-sectional shape. The plate is, in general, inclined to the vertical with consideration being given both to inclination angles at which the heated plate is facing upwards and to inclination angles at which the heated plate is facing downwards. The range of Rayleigh numbers considered extends from values that for a non-wavy vertical plate would be associated with laminar flow to values that would be associated with fully turbulent flow. The flow has been assumed to be steady and fluid properties have been assumed constant except for the density change with temperature that gives rise to the buoyancy forces, this being treated by means of the Boussinesq approximation. The Reynolds averaged governing equations in conjunction with a standard k-epsilon turbulence model with buoyancy force effects accounted for have been used in obtaining the solution. The governing equations have been solved using the commercial CFD code FLUENT© . The solution has the following parameters: i) the Rayleigh number based on the height of the heated plate, ii) the Prandtl number, iii) the ratios of the amplitude of the surface waviness and of the pitch of the surface waves to the height of the plate, and iv) the angle of inclination of the plate to the vertical. Results have been obtained for a Prandtl number of 0.74 and for amplitude and pitch ratios of 0.1. The effects of Rayleigh number and angle of inclination on the mean and local surface Nusselt numbers have been numerically studied.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".