Density Dependant Sex Change in Northern Shrimp, <i>Pandalus borealis</i>, on the Scotian Shelf
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigated factors affecting sex change in the Pandalid shrimp Pandalus borealis on the Scotian Shelf.Transition from male to female occurred at different sizes and ages, and could not be related to a minimum size or age.Our data did not show a positive relationship between abundance of older females and shrimp size at sex transition, nor a negative relationship between male:female sex ratio and shrimp size at transition, that would be expected if the population was compensating for decreases in reproductive capacity as predicted by sex allocation theory.Size at transition was inversely related to female density, which was attributable to density dependent growth affecting all stages.Density dependant growth also appeared to explain previously reported results which had been used to support sex allocation theory.Density was the most important factor determining individual growth at high densities while at low densities other factors, including temperature, were also an important determinant of growth.We conclude that a decrease in the size at transition can be indicative of a healthy, as well as a declining stock, and must be fully understood before it can be used as an indicator of stock status.Possible alternative mechanisms for regulating sex change in Pandalids are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".