Police reform and state formation in Southern Sudan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement between the Sudanese government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement in 2005, stability has prevailed but peace remains fragile in Southern Sudan. This article explores the modernisation of security forces in the territory, focusing on challenges and opportunities for the Southern Sudan Police Service. It examines how the political ambivalence of national leaders and key international actors, linked to their goal of creating a state in the South, are shaping the new police force. The study also examines the impact that institutional factors such as a weak legal framework and structural factors such as scarce public resources are having on the development of an effective, rights-respecting police service in the South. Depuis la signature de l'Accord de Paix Compréhensif entre le Gouvernement du Soudan et l'Armée/Mouvement populaire de libération du Soudan en 2005, la situation sécuritaire s'est stabilisée mais la paix reste fragile dans le Sud du Soudan. Cet article analyse la modernisation des forces de sécurité sur le territoire, en ciblant les défis et les possibilités au niveau du Service de Police du Soudan du Sud. Elle examine comment l'ambivalence politique des dirigeants nationaux et des acteurs internationaux clé, ancré dans leur désire de créer un État dans le Sud, affectent l'émergence de la nouvelle force policière. L'étude examine aussi l'impact des facteurs institutionnels tels que le faible cadre normatif et des facteurs structurels tels que le manque de ressources publiques sur le développement d'un service de police qui combine l'efficacité avec le respect des droits humains dans le Sud.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".