The effect of habitat heterogeneity on the population density of juvenile Atlantic salmon <i>Salmo salar</i> L.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In each of eight sites in 2 years in Catamaran Brook and the Little Southwest Miramichi River, in New Brunswick, Canada, 36 boulders (median diameter = 0·20 m) were added to a 2 × 3 m quadrat in one treatment, all boulders were removed in another treatment, and one quadrat was left as a control. As predicted, adding boulders increased the density of salmonid fishes, primarily juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, by 2·8‐fold, but had no significant effect on non‐territorial fishes, primarily cyprinids and catostomids. Moreover, the effect of adding boulders was greatest for age 0+ year Atlantic salmon, intermediate for age 1+ year Atlantic salmon and had no effect on age 2+ year Atlantic salmon. The results suggest that adding boulders is an effective short‐term technique for increasing the density of stream‐dwelling salmonids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".