O<sub>2</sub>−sensitive K<sup>+</sup> channels in immortalised rat chromaffin‐cell‐derived MAH cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The regulation of K(+) channels by O(2) levels is a key link between hypoxia and neurotransmitter release in neuroendocrine cells. Here, we examined the effects of hypoxia on K(+) channels in the immortalised v-myc, adrenal-derived HNK1(+) (MAH) cell line. MAH cells possess a K(+) conductance that is sensitive to Cd(2+), iberiotoxin and apamin, and which is inhibited by ~24 % when exposed to a hypoxic perfusate (O(2) tension 20 mmHg). This conductance was attributed to high-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK) and small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels, which are major contributors to the O(2)-sensitive K(+) conductance in adrenomedullary chromaffin cells. Under low [Ca(2+)](i) conditions that prevented activation of Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) conductances, a rapidly activating and slowly inactivating K(+) conductance, sensitive to both TEA and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), but insensitive to 100 nM charybdotoxin (CTX), was identified. This current was also reduced (by ~25 %) when exposed to hypoxia. The hypoxia-sensitive component of this current was greatly attenuated by 10 mM 4-AP, but was only slightly reduced by 10 mM TEA. This suggests the presence of delayed-rectifier O(2)-sensitive channels comprising homomultimeric Kv1.5 or heteromultimeric Kv1.5/Kv1.2 channel subunits. The presence of both Kv1.5 and Kv1.2 alpha-subunits was confirmed using immunocytochemical techniques. We also demonstrated that these K(+) channel subunits are present in neonatal rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells in situ. These data indicate that MAH cells possess O(2)-sensitive K(+) channels with characteristics similar to those observed previously in isolated chromaffin cells, and therefore provide an excellent model for examining the cellular mechanisms of O(2) sensing in adrenomedullary chromaffin cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".