Empirically Constrained Color-Temperature Relations. I.<i>BV</i>(<i>RI</i>)<sub>C</sub>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This investigation presents a set of transformations to Johnson B - V , Cousins V - R , and Cousins V - I , as well as bolometric corrections to V , for [Fe/H] = -3, -2, -1, -0.5, 0.0, and +0.3 and, in each case, values of log g from -0.5 to 5.0 for 3000 K ≤ T eff ≤ 5500 K and from 2.0 to 5.0 for 6000 K ≤ T eff ≤ 40,000 K. These transformations employ the predictions from Kurucz model atmospheres at high temperatures ( T eff ≥ 8000 K) and from MARCS model atmospheres at intermediate temperatures (from 7000 K down to a temperature in the range 4000 K ≤ T eff ≤ 5500 K, depending on [Fe/H], where adjustments to satisfy observational constraints become necessary). Thus, theoretical color- T eff relations are used exclusively down to a minimum temperature that is cooler than the temperatures of turnoff stars in open and globular star clusters. To better represent the color transformations obeyed by cool stars (down to 3000 K), corrections to the synthetic transformations have been determined from a careful consideration of observations for a few globular clusters (M92, M68, and 47 Tucanae), the color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of several open clusters (M67, the Pleiades, the Hyades, and NGC 6791), the CMDs and mass-luminosity diagram for solar neighborhood stars having good distance measurements from Hipparcos , empirical ( B - V )- T eff and ( V - K )- T eff relations, and color-color diagrams for field giants. The semiempirical color transformations that have been produced as a result of our analysis are also compared with several others that have been published in recent years: some of the deficiencies of the latter are revealed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".