Chemical identification and behavioral activity of (<i>Z</i>)-11-tetradecenal in an eastern North American population of the obliquebanded leafroller
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The sex pheromone of the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), from the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario, was investigated using chemical analysis, GC–EAD, and field trapping experiments. The pheromone gland contained: ( Z )-11-tetradecenyl acetate ( Z 11-14:Ac), ( E )-11-tetradecenyl acetate ( E 11-14:Ac), ( Z )-11-tetradecen-1-ol ( Z 11-14:OH), and ( Z )-11-tetradecenal ( Z 11-14:Al). The average amounts of Z 11-14:Ac, E 11-14:Ac, Z 11-14:OH, and Z 11-14:Al were 40.40, 0.83, 0.47, and 0.13 ng/female, respectively. Eight other structurally related compounds, ( E )-11-tetradecenal ( E 11-14:Al), ( E )-11-tetradecen-1-ol ( E 11-14:OH), pentadecan-2-one (15-2kt), hexadecanal (16:Al), hexadecan-1-ol (16:OH), heptadecan-2-one (17-2kt), octadecanal (18:Al), and octadecyl acetate (18:Ac), were also identified. In a field trapping experiment, adding Z 11-14:Al to lures containing a 100:3:5 blend of Z 11-14:Ac, E 11-14:Ac, and Z 11-14:OH in an amount equal to 2% of the main component significantly increased the number of moths captured in apple, Malus domestica (Borkh.) (Rosaceae), orchards. The removal of Z 11-14:Al from lures containing a 100:2:1.5:1 blend of Z 11-14:Ac, E 11-14:Ac, Z 11-14:OH, and Z 11-14:Al resulted in a > 50% reduction in the average total number of moths captured in a trap. This study provides the first evidence that Z 11-14:Al is present in the pheromone of an eastern North American population of C . rosaceana .
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it