Regional differences in diving behavior of harbor seals in the Gulf of Alaska
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adult and subadult harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii (Gray, 1864); n = 108) from Southeast Alaska (SE), Kodiak Island (KO), and Prince William Sound (PWS) were instrumented with satellite data recorders to examine dive parameters for harbor seals in the Gulf of Alaska at regional and annual scales. Most dives (40%–80%) were <20 m in depth and <4 min in duration; however, dives from 50 to 150 m depth were not uncommon and dives to 508 m were recorded. PWS seals spent less time in the water during the prebreeding and breeding seasons than SE and KO seals. SE seals used a greater diversity of depths than KO and PWS seals. Only seals in PWS and SE (i) dived deeper and longer and spent more time diving in winter than during spring and summer and (ii) dived deepest during the day only in winter. Seals in all regions and seasons dived most frequently and spent the most time diving at night. Subadult seals spent more time diving, dived more often, displayed a stronger diurnal pattern with deepest dives during the day in the winter, and dived deeper than adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".