EFFECTS OF DIETARY GENISTEIN ON WHEEL RUNNING AND LYMPHOCYTE APOPTOSIS IN OVARIECTOMIZED B6D2F1 MICE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Genistein, a soy isoflavone, is a weak estrogen and has been reported to increase tissue antioxidant enzyme activities in mice. Acute exercise is associated with increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in lymphoid cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dietary genistein on apoptosis and necrosis of lymphoid cells of exercised or sedentary older female B6D2F1 mice. Mice (n = 100; 56–61 wks) were ovariectomized (OVX), and fed for 28d ad libitum with isoflavone-free AIN-93G diet (C) or AIN-93G with 250ppm genistein (G). After 7d on the diets, mice were randomized to computerized in-cage runnng wheels (WR, n = 70) or no wheel (SED, n = 30) conditions for 21d. Food intake and body weights were monitored every 3–4d. After 21d, mice were sacrificed except for 30 WR mice that were given treadmill exercise (EX: 25 m/min, 2% grade, 90 min) and then sacrificed. Thymus and spleen were excised, and lymphocytes stained for apoptosis and necrosis with annexin V and propidium iodide by flow cytometry. Dietary G compared with C was associated with greater cumulative WR volumes for wks 2 (G:62.3 ± 5.9km, C:43.7 ± 6.0km; p < 0.05) and 3 (G:54.6 ± 5.9km, C:35.6 ± 6.4km; p < 0.05). Final body weights (G: 21.5 ± 0.4g, C:21.6 ± 0.3g) and total food intake over 21d (G: 73.9 ± 1.9g, C:73.7 ± 1.6g) did not differ between diet groups. Percent apoptosis and necrosis of thymocytes and splenic lymphocytes also did not differ as a function of diet (e.g., spleen, apoptosis, G:4.7 ± 0.7%, C:3.8 ± 0.7%). In contrast, EX mice compared with SED and WR mice had significantly higher % apoptosis of thymocytes and splenic lymphocytes (e.g., spleen apoptosis, SED:1.9 ± 0.4%, WR:2.2 ± 0.3%, EX:7.4 ± 0.9%, p < 0.01) and higher % necrosis of thymocytes (e.g., thymus necrosis, SED:1.1 ± 0.2%, WR:1.9 ± 0.3%, EX:5.4 ± 1.2%, p < 0.01). There were no exercise x diet interactions. The results show: dietary G increases WR activity of OVX mice similar to effects reported elsewhere for estrogen replacement, at a concentration of 250ppm, mice fed dietary G had lymphoid tissue apoptosis that was not different from C fed mice, and high intensity treadmill EX, but not high volume WR, increased cell death in lymphoid tissues from older female mice. Whether a higher dietary intake of genistein in OVX mice affects apoptosis of lymphocytes after EX exposure remains to be determined. [Research supported by NSERC of Canada]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".