On network simulation for performance evaluation of real-time Internet-based teleoperation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we discuss various approaches to simulating real-time Internet-based teleoperation systems. Focus is on simulation of the communication link, which is a critical component in teleoperation systems. Some of the objectives of simulations are to compare the performance of operators in fixed network conditions and to compare the performance of an operator over varying network conditions. To accomplish these goals, NS-2 is used with modified classes to model teleoperation systems. Two methods for simulation are co-simulation, where the system dynamics and the network are simulated at the same time, and sequential simulation, where the network and system dynamics are simulated in separate steps. The differences in accuracy and implementation are compared by an illustrative experiment. This paper also investigates methods for interactive simulations, which receive command inputs from an external master device controlled by a human operator. The real-time scheduler and network emulation are NS-2 addons that enable interactive simulations. Since computation time is an important limitation for simulations, a sequential simulation approach can be used for large-scale networks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".