Towards early dental caries detection with OCT and polarized Raman spectroscopy
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent years, we have been developing optical coherence tomography (OCT) and polarized Raman spectroscopy (PRS) for the detection of early non-cavitated dental caries. OCT provides high resolution morphological depth imaging of incipient caries. With OCT, early lesions can be readily identified as regions of high light backscattering with depth into the enamel as compared to health sound enamel. From the OCT images, the lesion depth can be approximated to provide clinically useful information to guide treatment decisions. In addition, we have derived a parameter known as the optical attenuation coefficient in order to distinguish sound from carious enamel non-subjectively. OCT is being combined with PRS since regions of high light backscattering not related to caries development can lead to false-positive results. PRS provides biochemical specificity along with molecular structural/orientational information. With PRS, the Raman depolarization ratio calculated from the main phosphate vibration at ~959 cm-1 from parallel- and cross-polarized Raman spectra allows discrimination between sound and early developing caries. Early studies on lab bench instrumentation are now being translated into fibre-optic based devices for intra-oral use in patient volunteers for clinical validation. In combination, OCT and PRS have potential for detecting and monitoring early lesions with high sensitivity and high specificity.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it