Behaviour of gusset plate connections to ends of round and elliptical hollow structural section members
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Gusset plate connections to the ends of hollow structural section (HSS) members are regularly used in steel-framed buildings and roof trusses. Recent research on this connection type has indicated that current design recommendations for preventing tensile failure induced by shear lag may be overly conservative. This paper presents an experimental study on 13 gusset plate end connections to circular and elliptical HSS members under quasi-static tension and compression loadings. Current design proposals found in research studies and in design guides and specifications are compared with the experimental work. Various fabrication details for this connection type have been considered, and the influence of connection length, gusset plate orientation (in the tube long side versus short side), and distance between welds has been studied. In the experimental study, failure of all specimens under tensile loading was caused by circumferential fracture of the HSS or by tear-out of the HSS base material along the weld. The compression specimens failed by local buckling of the HSS at the connection end. A preferred static design approach for such connections is thus recommended.Key words: gusset plate, hollow section, tube, connection, round, elliptical, shear lag, tear-out failure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".