The effect of replacement rate and fineness of natural zeolite on the rheological properties of cement-based grouts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of the replacement rate and fineness of natural zeolite on the rheological properties of cement-based grouts. For this purpose, natural zeolites with two different finenesses were used to partially replace Portland cement at 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight. While preparing the grout mixtures, a constant water to cementitious material ratio (w/CM) of 0.60 was used together with a superplasticizer (SP). Setting times and compressive strength of grouts were also determined as part of the experimental study. Test results indicated that the rheological properties of cement-based grouts were significantly affected by the replacement rate and the fineness of natural zeolite. The replacement rate of cement by natural zeolite for a constant SP content significantly increased the yield stress and apparent and plastic viscosities, and reduced the fluidity and deformability of the cement-based grouts. Moreover, incorporation of a fine natural zeolite resulted in a further decrease in the rheological and workability properties of grouts. With an increase in the dosage of SP, both yield stress and plastic viscosity decreased significantly. Grouts made with natural zeolite also showed pseudoplastic behavior, and shear thinning increased with the increase of zeolite amount and fineness. Test results also indicated that the natural zeolite with different fineness had a marked effect on the setting time and compressive strength of grout mixtures. Therefore, the use of natural zeolite confirms that grouts with satisfactory rheological and mechanical properties can be successfully obtained.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".