Utilisation et regénération des écailles de cacao pour la récupération du plomb dans les solutions acides
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cocoa shells, a by-product of the food industry, is a promising adsorbent for the treatment of acid metal loaded wastewaters, particularly for lead removal. Elution tests carried out using different concentrations of hydrochloric acid have shown that a good portion can be eluted using a short contact time (approximately 10 min) and a diluted acid solution (0.51.0 M). The use of a more concentrated acid solution causes significant mineralization of the adsorbent and does not allow to improve the elution yield. Repeated adsorptionelution cycles have shown that cocoa shells can be reused for many times. However, their lead adsorption capacity progressively decreases from 19.3 mg Pb/g during the 1st cycle to 4.8 mg Pb/g during the 10th cycle. Finally, the use of successive adsorptionelution cycles is only interesting, from an economical point of view, in the case where the acid solution is used for many elution steps. Key words: adsorption, elution, lead, cocoa shells, effluent, acid.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".