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Record W1990043494 · doi:10.1139/s03-003

Utilisation et regénération des écailles de cacao pour la récupération du plomb dans les solutions acides

2003· article· en· W1990043494 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Environmental Engineering and Science · 2003
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicHeavy Metal Pollution Remediation
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsElutionChemistryAdsorptionChromatographyHydrochloric acidEffluentNuclear chemistryYield (engineering)Organic chemistryMaterials scienceWaste managementMetallurgy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Cocoa shells, a by-product of the food industry, is a promising adsorbent for the treatment of acid metal loaded wastewaters, particularly for lead removal. Elution tests carried out using different concentrations of hydrochloric acid have shown that a good portion can be eluted using a short contact time (approximately 10 min) and a diluted acid solution (0.5–1.0 M). The use of a more concentrated acid solution causes significant mineralization of the adsorbent and does not allow to improve the elution yield. Repeated adsorption–elution cycles have shown that cocoa shells can be reused for many times. However, their lead adsorption capacity progressively decreases from 19.3 mg Pb/g during the 1st cycle to 4.8 mg Pb/g during the 10th cycle. Finally, the use of successive adsorption–elution cycles is only interesting, from an economical point of view, in the case where the acid solution is used for many elution steps. Key words: adsorption, elution, lead, cocoa shells, effluent, acid.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.833
Threshold uncertainty score0.357

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.012
GPT teacher head0.209
Teacher spread0.196 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it