Iceberg sightings, shapes and management techniques for offshore Newfoundland and Labrador: Historical data and future applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For safe and efficient operations in the iceberg-infested waters offshore eastern Canada, accurate information on icebergs is needed. Databases on iceberg sightings, shapes and management techniques have been developed in order to bring all relevant iceberg information into one repository. Iceberg sightings have been recorded offshore Newfoundland and Labrador since the 1600s. Sighting methods, locations, yearly variability and uncertainties are discussed. In more recent times, detailed 2D and 3D measurements have been made of iceberg geometries, which are useful for structural load calculations. Techniques to deflect iceberg drift from critical offshore locations have also evolved over the past 40 years. The various methods that have been used for iceberg management are discussed, as well as the factors that affect their success rates. Relationships between historical iceberg populations and sea ice can be used to forecast iceberg severity in future seasons; updated correlations have been made between sea ice coverage and iceberg severity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".