Variable-Energy Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Substituted Rhenium and Manganese Pentacarbonyls: Molecular Orbital Assignments and the Interatomic Resonant Effect
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High-resolution variable-energy photoelectron spectra of M(CO)5X [M = Re, X = Re(CO)5, Cl, Br, and I; and M = Mn, X = Mn(CO)5 and Br] are reported. Tunable synchrotron radiation is used to distinguish the Re 5d and Br 4p orbital based peaks for the controversial Re(CO)5Br. Our results provide firm molecular orbital assignments for all of these molecules. The valence orbital in the ordering of ionization energies for M(CO)5Cl (M = Mn and Re) and Mn(CO)5Br is a 1(M-X) > e(X) > b2(M) > e(M); but for M(CO)5I (M = Mn and Re) and Re(CO)5Br the ordering is a1(M-X) > e(M) > b2(M) > e(X). The crossover of the HOMO in the Re molecules due to the change in the halogen electronegativities occurs at Re(CO)5Br. The metal np-->nd resonance is observed for all of these molecules. For molecules like M2(CO)10 (M = Re and Mn) and Mn(CO)5Br, the observation of this np-->nd resonance is useful in assigning the metal nd based orbitals in their valence level spectra. However, for molecules like Re(CO)5X (X = Br and Cl), a np-->nd type resonance is observed on bands arising from both Re 5d and halogen mp based orbitals. This new resonant effect on the ligand-based orbitals is shown to be mainly due to the interatomic resonant effect. The core and valence level chemical shifts of these compounds are treated using Jolly's approach to confirm the assignments for the valence level spectra of some of these molecules. The high-resolution inner valence and core level spectra of these compounds are reported. Broadening of Re 4f, Br 3d, and I 4d core level spectra is discussed. The Auger peaks are observed in the high-resolution, high-intensity Br 3d of Re(CO)5Br and I 4d of Re(CO)5I spectra.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".