Cloning and Characterization of Three Differentially Expressed Peroxidoxin Genes from Leishmania chagasi
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Antioxidants have been implicated in protecting cells from oxygen radicals produced as a result of aerobic metabolism and in response to foreign pathogens by phagocytic cells. The mechanisms allowing pathogens to withstand the toxic prooxidant environment within the phagolysosome are poorly understood. We have cloned and characterized three antioxidant genes belonging to the 2-Cys family of peroxidoxins from Leishmania chagasi that may prove to provide these parasites with an enhanced defense mechanism against toxic oxidants. The 5'-untranslated regions and coding regions of each gene are highly conserved, whereas the 3'-untranslated regions have diverged significantly. L. chagasi peroxidoxin 1 (LcPxn1) is predominantly expressed in the amastigote stage, whereas LcPxn2 and LcPxn3 are expressed mainly in the promastigote stage, with LcPxn3 being far less abundant than LcPxn2. LcPxn2 and LcPxn3 possess a nine-amino acid extension at the carboxyl terminus, which LcPxn1 lacks. LcPxn1 appears to exist as high molecular weight multimers in vivo, and recombinant LcPxn1 was shown to detoxify hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides. We also present strong evidence that recombinant LcPxn1 can enzymatically detoxify hydroxyl radicals, an activity never before clearly demonstrated for a protein.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".