<i>Gleichenia appianensis</i> sp. nov. (Gleicheniaceae): A Permineralized Rhizome and Associated Vegetative Remains from the Eocene of Vancouver Island, British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A permineralized gleicheniaceous rhizome with an attached stipe base has been identified from the Appian Way locality on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The specimens are preserved in Middle Eocene marine calcareous concretions that are studied using the cellulose acetate peel technique. The marginally mesarch rhizome has a vitalized protostele, protoxylem elements with helical wall thickenings, and scalariform metaxylem tracheids that occur in clusters. A continuous band of phloem and pericycle surrounds the xylem. The inner cortex consists of a layer of small‐diameter sclerenchyma fibers, and the outer cortex is composed of larger parenchyma cells. A nodal island of sclerenchyma is present between the leaf trace and protostele at the level of frond‐trace divergence. Long metaxylem tracheids in the frond trace show septa in longitudinal section that likely represent tyloses. Roots diverge from all sides of the rhizome with traces that run obliquely through the cortex. Numerous associated but isolated frond segments are found in the Appian Way nodules that show a pinched and inrolled C‐shaped vascular trace and pseudodichotomous bifurcation. The frond traces have numerous protoxylem strands, and the general anatomy is comparable to that of gleicheniaceous stipes. The rhizome is described as a new species of Gleichenia, Gleichenia appianensis Mindell, Stockey, Rothwell, et Beard sp. nov., and represents the first record of Gleicheniaceae in the Tertiary of North America.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".