Association Between Colonoscopy Rates and Colorectal Cancer Mortality
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Although colonoscopy use has increased in the United States and Canada since the early 1990s, it is unclear whether this has been associated with benefit at the population level. Our objective was to evaluate the association between regional colonoscopy rates and death from colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: We conducted a natural experiment involving a 14-year follow-up of a cohort of all men and women 50-90 years of age living in Ontario on 1 January 1993 exposed to different intensities of colonoscopy use. Each member of the study cohort was assigned to a region each year, on the basis of his/her residence. Each individual was followed up through 31 December 2006; age- and sex-standardized CRC incidence rates were calculated and all CRC deaths were identified. Each year, for each region, the rate of colonoscopies performed on persons 50-90 years of age, per 1,000 population 50-90 years of age, living in the region, was calculated. Multivariable cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between colonoscopy rate and death from CRC, adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, income, and location of residence (urban/rural). RESULTS: The study cohort comprised 2,412,077 persons 50-90 years of age. The mean age was 64 years, and 53.7% were women. Colonoscopy rates increased in all regions during 1993-2006. The increased rate of complete colonoscopy was inversely associated with death from CRC. For every 1% increase in complete colonoscopy rate, the hazard of death decreased by 3%. CONCLUSIONS: Increased colonoscopy use was associated with mortality reduction from CRC at the population level.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it