Real-time simulation on FPGA of a permanent magnet synchronous machine drive using a finite-element based model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the development of high fidelity real-time model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive, to be used in hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) application. The PMSM model is based on a finite-element analysis (FEA) method and implemented on an FPGA chip. The motor inductances and flux maps are computed from the JMAG-RT finite element analysis software. A 3-phase IGBT inverter drives the PMSM machine. Both models are designed in Simulink using the Xilinx Blockset and then automatically compiled and loaded on the FPGA using the RT-LAB real-time simulation platform. The complete PMSM drive model runs with an equivalent 10 nanosecond time step and has a latency of 300 ns (PMSM machine and inverter), with a total HIL delay from external PWM inputs to analog outputs with 1 microsecond settling time on the FPGA of just 1.3 microseconds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".