Privatising Railroads: The Problematic Involvement of the Private Sector in Two Dutch Railway Projects
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article provides a comparative analysis of the Dutch government’s attempts to involve private parties in two national railroad mega-projects: the Betuwe Line (a transit line for goods connecting the Rotterdam harbour to the German rail network — costing 4.8 billion euros) and the HSL-Zuid (a high speed line between the Belgian border and Amsterdam — costing 6.8 billion euros). These projects are currently under construction. To date, the government has not succeeded in privatising the Betuwe Line. Although the privatisation of the HSL-Zuid has been realised, it has proven difficult to keep under control. The two projects are compared in terms of the motives for privatisation, the strategies adopted, and the results achieved. Explanations are sought for the extent to which the strategies were successful. Generic lessons are drawn from the two projects.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it