On the Spectral Energy Dependence of Gamma‐Ray Burst Variability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The variable activity of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) source is thought to be correlated with its absolute peak luminosity—a relation that, if confirmed, can be used to derive an independent estimate of the redshift of a GRB. We find that bursts with highly variable light curves have greater ν F ν spectral peak energies when we transform these energies to the cosmological rest frame using the redshift estimates derived either from optical spectral features or from the luminosity-variability distance indicator itself. This positive correlation between peak energy and variability spans ≈2 orders of magnitude and appears to accommodate GRB 980425, lending credibility to the association of this burst with SN 1998bw. The existence of such a correlation not only provides an interesting clue to the nature of this luminosity indicator but potentially reinforces the validity of the redshift estimates derived from this method. It also implies that the rest-frame GRB peak energy is correlated with the intrinsic luminosity of the burst, as has been suggested in the past as an explanation of the observed hardness-intensity correlation in GRBs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".