Adipose Tissue and Circulating Endothelial Cell Specific Molecule-1 in Human Obesity
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adipocytes produce the endothelial-cell specific molecule-1 (ESM-1), which inhibits leukocyte adhesion and migration through the endothelium. This study investigates ESM-1 expression and regulation in human adipose tissue. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue was obtained from seventy postmenopausal women. Fourteen women subsequently underwent non-pharmacological weight reduction. In vitro experiments were performed on adipocytes isolated from human mammary adipose tissue. We determined gene expression by TaqMan RT-PCR and measured ESM-1 levels in serum and cell culture medium by ELISA. Mature adipocytes produced ESM-1. ESM-1 gene expression was higher in adipocytes than in preadipocytes. Cortisol inhibited ESM-1 gene expression in preadipocytes. Insulin and cortisol inhibited adipocyte ESM-1 production in adipocytes. This inhibitory effect of insulin was attenuated by insulin resistance, as ESM-1 gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue was increased in obese, hyperinsulinemic women. In contrast, ESM-1 serum levels were reduced in obese women and inversely correlated to C-reactive protein levels. Five percent weight loss did not markedly change gene expression. Circulating ESM-1 levels increased significantly, albeit modestly. ESM-1 is actively produced by adipocytes. However, since ESM-1 adipocyte gene expression and circulating plasma levels are not correlated, other sources of ESM-1 may be more important. Circulating ESM-1 levels are reduced in the overweight and obese, consistent with the notion that ESM-1 may play some role in obesity-associated vascular disease.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it