Bibliographic record
Abstract
Letters4 December 2012Guidelines for Persons With HIVEvan Wood, MD, PhD and Julio S.G. Montaner, MDEvan Wood, MD, PhDFrom University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.Search for more papers by this author and Julio S.G. Montaner, MDFrom University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-11-201212040-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Thompson and colleagues' review (1) of strategies to improve entry into and retention in HIV care and antiretroviral adherence for persons with HIV infection is timely, given the proven role of HIV testing and antiretroviral therapy in preventing the spread of HIV. Although we recognize that their review sought to identify strategies to improve entry into and retention in care and adherence, their article largely overlooked known barriers to HIV care, particularly with respect to challenges in delivering timely HIV care to persons with drug addiction.Numerous studies have shown that frequent incarceration of persons with drug ...References1. Thompson MA, Mugavero MJ, Amico KR, Cargill VA, Chang LW, Gross R, et al. Guidelines for improving entry into and retention in care and antiretroviral adherence for persons with HIV: evidence-based recommendations from an International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care panel. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:817-33, W-284-294. [PMID: 22393036] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Milloy MJ, Kerr T, Buxton J, Rhodes T, Guillemi S, Hogg R, et al. Dose-response effect of incarceration events on nonadherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users. J Infect Dis. 2011;203:1215-21. [PMID: 21459814] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Westergaard RP, Kirk GD, Richesson DR, Galai N, Mehta SH. Incarceration predicts virologic failure for HIV-infected injection drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;53:725-31. [PMID: 21890777] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Yirrell DL, Robertson P, Goldberg DJ, McMenamin J, Cameron S, Leigh Brown AJ. Molecular investigation into outbreak of HIV in a Scottish prison. BMJ. 1997;314:1446-50. [PMID: 9167560] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Wood E, Milloy MJ, Montaner JS. HIV treatment as prevention among injection drug users. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2012;7:151-6. [PMID: 22227587] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. Johnson R, Raphael S. The effects of male incarceration dynamics on acquired immune deficiency syndrome infection rates among African American women and men. J Law Econ. 2009;52:251-93. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.Disclosures: Dr. Wood: Grants/grants pending (money to institution): Canadian Institutes of Health Research, National Institutes of Health, MAC AIDS Fund, Open Society Foundation. Dr. Montaner: Grants/grants pending (money to institution): Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck, ViiV Healthcare, Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les Hépatites Virales, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator/President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, National Institutes of Health Office of AIDS Research, UNAIDS, International AIDS Society, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoGuidelines for Improving Entry Into and Retention in Care and Antiretroviral Adherence for Persons With HIV: Evidence-Based Recommendations From an International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care Panel Melanie A. Thompson , Michael J. Mugavero , K. Rivet Amico , Victoria A. Cargill , Larry W. Chang , Robert Gross , Catherine Orrell , Frederick L. Altice , David R. Bangsberg , John G. Bartlett , Curt G. Beckwith , Nadia Dowshen , Christopher M. Gordon , Tim Horn , Princy Kumar , James D. Scott , Michael J. Stirratt , Robert H. Remien , Jane M. Simoni , and Jean B. Nachega Guidelines for Persons With HIV Frederick L. Altice , Curt G. Beckwith , Tim Horn , Jane M. Simoni , and Guidelines for Persons With HIV Lisa K. Fitzpatrick , Daveda Hudson , and Aurnell Dright Metrics Cited ByKnowledge of and Opinions on HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Among Front-Line Service Providers at Canadian AIDS Service Organizations 4 December 2012Volume 157, Issue 11Page: 832-833KeywordsAIDSAntiretroviral therapyAntiretroviralsDrug addictionDrugsHIVHIV infectionsHIV preventionPrevention, policy, and public healthViral transmission and infection ePublished: 4 December 2012 Issue Published: 4 December 2012 CopyrightCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.049 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.210 | 0.156 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".